Clearcast, the body responsible for vetting ads before they are broadcast to the public, said it was in breach of rules banning political advertising laid down by the 2003 Communications Act. The Sumatran orangutan genome was sequenced in January 2011. [21] [22] Following humans and chimpanzees, the Sumatran orangutan became the third species of great ape to have its genome sequenced. Subsequently, the Bornean species had its genome sequenced. Bornean orangutans ( P.pygmaeus) have less genetic diversity than in Sumatran ones ( P.abelii), despite populations being six to seven times higher in Borneo. The researchers hope these data may help conservationists preserve the endangered ape, as well as learn more about human genetic diseases. [22] Similarly to gorillas and chimpanzees, orangutans have 48 diploid chromosomes, in contrast to humans, which have 46. [23] :30 On the edge of extinction". Sumatran Orangutan Society. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020 . Retrieved 1 July 2020. Unlike females of other non-human great ape species, orangutans do not exhibit sexual swellings to signal fertility. [64] A female first gives birth around 15 years of age and they have a six to nine year interbirth interval, the longest among the great apes. [66] Gestation is around nine months long and infants are born at a weight of 1.5–2kg (3.3–4.4lb). [18] :99 Usually only a single infant is born; twins are a rare occurrence. [67] Unlike many other primates, male orangutans do not seem to practise infanticide. This may be because they cannot ensure they will sire a female's next offspring, because she does not immediately begin ovulating again after her infant dies. [68] There is evidence that females with offspring under six years old generally avoid adult males. [69] The word orangutan appears in its older form urangutan, in a variety of premodern sources in the Old Javanese language. The earliest of these is the Kakawin Ramayana, a ninth-century or early tenth-century Javanese adaption of the Sanskrit Ramayana. In these Old Javanese sources, the word urangutan refers only to apes and not to forest-dwelling human beings. The word was not originally Javanese, but was borrowed from an early Malayic language at least a thousand years ago. Hence the ultimate origin of the term "orangutan" as denoting the Pongo ape was most likely Old Malay. [2]

Meet Jiggly Pets Tan Tan the Orangutan – the King of the Jungle! Tan Tan is a 25cm electronic Orangutan with full body movement and sound effects.Birutė Galdikas wrote that orangutans were already threatened by poaching and deforestation when she began studying them in 1971. [121] By the 2000s, orangutan habitats decreased rapidly because of logging, mining and fragmentation by roads. A major factor has been the conversion of vast areas of tropical forest to palm oil plantations in response to international demand. Hunting is also a major problem, as is the illegal pet trade. [115] [116] a b van Schaik, Carel P.; Knott, Cheryl D. (2001). "Geographic variation in tool use onNeesia fruits in orangutans". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 114 (4): 331–342. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1045. PMID 11275962. Goldman, Jason G. (2 November 2017). "New Species of Orangutan Is Rarest Great Ape on Earth". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 23 July 2018 . Retrieved 6 November 2017.

Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; Singleton, Ian; van Noordwijk, Maria A.; van Schaik, Carel P.; Setia, Tatang Mitra (2009). "Male–male relationships in orangutans". In Wich, Serge A.; Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; Setia, Tatang Mitra; van Schaik, Carel P. (eds.). Orangutans: Geographic Variation in Behavioral Ecology and Conservation. Oxford University Press. pp.227–29. ISBN 978-0-19-921327-6. Main article: Orangutans in popular culture 1870 illustration for " The Murders in the Rue Morgue" by Daniel ViergeRusson, AE; Handayani, DP; Kuncoro, P; Ferisa, A. (2007). "Orangutan leaf-carrying for nest-building: toward unraveling cultural processes". Animal Cognition. 10 (2): 189–202. doi: 10.1007/s10071-006-0058-z. PMID 17160669. S2CID 6875716. Galdikas, B. M. F. (1982). "Orang-Utan tool use at Tanjung Putting Reserve, Central Indonesian Borneo (Kalimantan Tengah)". Journal of Human Evolution. 10: 19–33. doi: 10.1016/S0047-2484(82)80028-6. Ross, Marina Davila; Owren, Michael J; Zimmermann, Elke (2009). "Reconstructing the Evolution of Laughter in Great Apes and Humans". Current Biology. 19 (13): 1106–11. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028. PMID 19500987. S2CID 17892549. Jacobson, Phillip (29 March 2017). "The military family that kept a pet orangutan in Indonesia". Mongabay. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020 . Retrieved 11 May 2020.

a b c Singh, Ranjeet (26 January 2011). "Orang-utans join the genome gang". Nature. doi: 10.1038/news.2011.50. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011 . Retrieved 27 January 2011. Orangutan shaved, made up and prostituted to men for six years". The Week. 28 November 2018. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020 . Retrieved 29 April 2020. Glendinning, L. (26 June 2008). "Spanish parliament approves 'human rights' for apes". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 August 2009 . Retrieved 10 November 2008.When a little girl discovers a mischievous orangutan in her bedroom, she can’t understand why it keeps shouting at her shampoo and her chocolate. But when Rang-tan explains that there are humans running wild in her rainforest, burning down trees so they can grow palm oil to put in products, the little girl knows what she has to do: help save the orangutans! Was Rang-tan banned? Dufour, V.; Pelé, M.; Neumann, M.; Thierry, B.; Call, J. (2008). "Calculated reciprocity after all: computation behind token transfers in orang-utans". Biology Letters. 5 (2): 172–75. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2008.0644. PMC 2665816. PMID 19126529. This was a film that Greenpeace made with a voice over by Emma Thompson,” said Iceland’s founder, Malcolm Walker. “We got permission to use it and take off the Greenpeace logo and use it as the Iceland Christmas ad. It would have blown the John Lewis ad out of the window. It was so emotional.” Dellios, Paulette (2008). "A lexical odyssey from the Malay World". Studia Universitatis Petru Maior. Philologia. 4 (4): 141–44. Rijksen, H. D. (December 1978). "A field study on Sumatran orang utans ( Pongo pygmaeus abelii, Lesson 1827): Ecology, Behaviour and Conservation". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 53 (4): 493–94. doi: 10.1086/410942. JSTOR 2826733.

van Noordwijk, Maria A.; Sauren, Simone E.B.; Nuzuar; Abulani, Ahbam; Morrogh-Bernard, Helen C.; Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; van Schaik, Carel P. (2009). "Development of Independence". In Wich, Serge A.; Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; Setia, Tatang Mitra; van Schaik, Carel P. (eds.). Orangutans: Geographic Variation in Behavioral Ecology and Conservation. Oxford University Press. p.199. ISBN 978-0199213276.

Was Rang-tan banned?

a b Reese, April (2 November 2017). "Newly discovered orangutan species is also the most endangered". Nature. 551 (7679): 151. Bibcode: 2017Natur.551..151R. doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.22934. PMID 29120449. Years: Nyaru Menteng 1999–2009" (PDF). Orangutan Protection Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2010. pongo". Etymology Online. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018 . Retrieved 4 December 2018. Rodman, P. S. (1988). "Diversity and consistency in ecology and behavior". In Schwartz, J. H. (ed.). Orang-utan biology. Oxford University Press. pp.31–51. ISBN 978-0195043716. Primatologist Carel P. van Schaik and biological anthropologist Cheryl D. Knott further investigated tool use in different wild orangutan populations. They compared geographic variations in tool use related to the processing of Neesia fruit. The orangutans of Suaq Balimbing were found to be avid users of insect and seed-extraction tools when compared to other wild orangutans. [93] [94] The scientists suggested these differences are cultural as they do not correlate with habitat. The orangutans at Suaq Balimbing are closely spaced and relatively tolerant of each other; this creates favourable conditions for the spreading of new behaviours. [93] Further evidence that highly social orangutans are more likely to exhibit cultural behaviours came from a study of leaf-carrying behaviours of formerly captive orangutans that were being rehabilitated on the island of Kaja in Borneo. [95]